Lesson: System-Wide Concepts

Lesson overview:

Thie lesson focuses on the system-wide concepts that underline the SAP system. These concepts, organizational elements, master data, and transactions, are the basic element designed and utilized to respresent a company’s enterprise structure and business processes within the SAP system. Following are brief descriptions of the concepts that will be discussed in more detail in this lesson.

Organizational Elements

A company’s enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using organizational elements.

Master Data

Created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users, master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views. That are assigned to organizational elements.

Transactions

Transactions are application program that execute business processes in the SAP system. Example include create sales order’s list report.

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

·         State the purpose of an organizational element in the SAP system

·         Explain the purpose of master data in the SAP system

·         Explain the purpose of transactions in SAP training

·         Explain the use of IDEIS

Business Example

Processes within a company generally take place across departmental boundaries. In global companies, these processes take place across national and company boundaries. The long-term success of IDES AG, is dependent on collaboration with business partners and global outlook. IDES wants new orders from customers entered into the SAP system with minimal data entry and maximum data accury. IDES must also have a record of all transactions.

Organizational Elements

·         Client:  the client is the highest-level elements; it represents the enterprise/headquarters group.

·         Company code: the company code is a legal independent accounting unit representing the central organizational element of financial accounting. The copany code also represents the tax law (national) view of the company, the fiscal calendar, the local currency, and the tax reporting requirements.

·         Plant: A plant can manufacture product, distribute product, or provide a service; it is the central organizational unit of production.

·         Storage Location: Material stocks in Inventory Management can be differentiated within one plant according to storage location.

·         Sales organization: The sales organizational is the central organizational element in sales order management that control the terms of sale to the customer.

·         Distribution Channel: Distribution channels can be used to define how different products reach consumers, for  example, who sale.

·         Organizational Unit: Organizational units describe the various business units that exist in an enterprise. Often units are loosely defined as functional or regional departments, or as project groups, depending on the type of organization.

·         Position: Positions are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise.

IDES

IDES (international Demonstration and Educational System) is an international company dependent upon collaborations with external business partners and a global outlook.

IDES AG is a manufacturing company. It operates worldwide and has a number of subsidiaries. This company’s processes are using during this training course to demonstrate the solutions provided  by SAP. As an international company, IDES has several holdings and requires the ability to report to shareholders on an international bases. Management’s goal over the next year is to increase profits. Costing analysis report, and overhead cost reports are to be captured to a business intelligence system for management review.

System-Wide Master Data Concepts

In SAP, master data is created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users. Centrally stored master data means data means data record are always consistent, up-to-date, and free of redundancy. Master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements . The three-part structure of master records makes it possible to flexibly depict the various organizational structure of an operation.

Customer master

A customer  master contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its customer. Company code data control the posting procedure and subsequent processing , such as payments and dunning. Sales organization data provides information on customers for support execution of such business processes as entering sales orders, shipping, billing, and processing payment. The customer master’s “three-part structure” is represented by:

1.      General Data: this data is equally relevant to every company  code and every sales organization within a company.

2.      Data for Company Codes: This data reflects company-specific agreements with the customer.

3.      Data for sales: This data has different characteristics for a company’s sales organizations and channels

Material Master

The material master contains all of the key information a company needs to manage a material within its organization. The material master defines, among other things, how a product is sold, manufactured purchased, inventoried, accounted, and costed. The information in the material master into views that are organized by business function.

Personal File

Personnel file are master data records used primarily mySAP ERP Human Capital Management. These master records follow the same basic three-part structure, as do other master records.

Organizational Units describe the various business units that exist in your enterprise. Multiple organizational units and their relationships form the organizational structure. Organizational units can be loosely defined as functional or regional departments, or as project group, depending on the type of organizational.

Jobs

Jobs serve as descriptions, or templates, that apply to several positions with similar requirements, tasks, or other characteristics.

Positions

Positions are individual employee assignments in the enterprise. Persons occupy positions. A position inherits a job’s characteristics, but you can also define additional characteristics specific to that position.

Persons

Persons hold positions within the organizational structure. Persons represent employees in your company.

Transactions

Transactions are application programs that execute business in the SAP system. Whenever possible, master data is copied during transactions processing, this avoiding re-entry of data. For example, when executing the transaction Create Sales Order, the user must enter the customer. Likewise, once the material master numbers are entered for the items being ordered, the relevant material data will be copied into the sales order.

1.      Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan organizational element dan tujuannya

A company’s enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using organizational elements.

2.      Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan master data dan tujuannya

Created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users, master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views. That are assigned to organizational elements.

3.      Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan transaction dan tujuannya

Transactions are application program that execute business processes in the SAP system. Example include create sales order’s list report.

4.      Sebutkan unsur unsur dari organizational elements

·         Client

·         Company Code

·         Plant

·         Storage Location

·         Sales organization

·         Distribution Channels

·         Organizatinal Unit

·         Position

5.      Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan client

The client is the highest-level elements; it represents the enterprise/headquarters group.

6.      Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Company Code

the company code is a legal independent accounting unit representing the central organizational element of financial accounting. The copany code also represents the tax law (national) view of the company, the fiscal calendar, the local currency, and the tax reporting requirements.

7.      Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan plant

A plant can manufacture product, distribute product, or provide a service; it is the central organizational unit of production.

8.      Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Storage location

Material stocks in Inventory Management can be differentiated within one plant according to storage location.

9.      Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan sales organizational

The sales organizational is the central organizational element in sales order management that control the terms of sale to the customer.

10.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Distribution channels

Distribution channels can be used to define how different products reach consumers, for  example, who sale.

11.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Organizational unit

Organizational units describe the various business units that exist in an enterprise. Often units are loosely defined as functional or regional departments.

12.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan position

Positions are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise

13.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan IDES

IDES (international Demonstration and Educational System) is an international company dependent upon collaborations with external business partners and a global outlook.

IDES AG is a manufacturing company. It operates worldwide and has a number of subsidiaries. This company’s processes are using during this training course to demonstrate the solutions provided  by SAP. As an international company, IDES has several holdings and requires the ability to report to shareholders on an international bases. Management’s goal over the next year is to increase profits. Costing analysis report, and overhead cost reports are to be captured to a business intelligence system for management review.

14.  Jelaskan hubungan master data dengan aplikasi yang ada di SAP

In SAP, master data is created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users. Centrally stored master data means data means data record are always consistent, up-to-date, and free of redundancy. Master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements . The three-part structure of master records makes it possible to flexibly depict the various organizational structure of an operation.

15.  Sifat master data

Created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users, master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views. That are assigned to organizational elements.

16.  Sebutkan data yang disimpan dalam master data

All area can used stored data, including sales, purchasing, inventory managements, materials planning, invoice vertification, finance, and human resources.

17.  Jelaskan isi dari customer master data

A customer  master contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its customer. Company code data control the posting procedure and subsequent processing , such as payments and dunning. Sales organization data provides information on customers for support execution of such business processes as entering sales orders, shipping, billing, and processing payment. A customer  master contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its customer. Company code data control the posting procedure and subsequent processing , such as payments and dunning. Sales organization data provides information on customers for support execution of such business processes as entering sales orders, shipping, billing, and processing payment.

18.  Jelaskan tiga structure dalam customer master

·         General Data: this data is equally relevant to every company  code and every sales organization within a company.

·         Data for Company Codes: This data reflects company-specific agreements with the customer.

·         Data for sales: This data has different characteristics for a company’s sales organizations and channels

19.  Jelaskan material master

The material master contains all of the key information a company needs to manage a material within its organization. The material master defines, among other things, how a product is sold, manufactured purchased, inventoried, accounted, and costed. The information in the material master into views that are organized by business function.

20.  Jelaskan isi personell file

.Organizational Units describe the various business units that exist in your enterprise. Multiple organizational units and their relationships form the organizational structure. Organizational units can be loosely defined as functional or regional departments, or as project group, depending on the type of organizational.

21.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan personnel file

Personnel file are master data records used primarily mySAP ERP Human Capital Management. These master records follow the same basic three-part structure, as do other master records.

22.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan organizational unit

Organizational units describe the various business units that exist in an enterprise. Often units are loosely defined as functional or regional departments, or as project groups, depending on the type of organization.

23.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Jobs

Jobs serve as descriptions, or templates, that apply to several positions with similar requirements, tasks, or other characteristics

24.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Posisition

Positions are individual employee assignments in the enterprise. Persons occupy positions. A position inherits a job’s characteristics, but you can also define additional characteristics specific to that position.

25.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan Person

Persons hold positions within the organizational structure. Persons represent employees in your company.

26.  Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan transaction

Transactions are application programs that execute business in the SAP system. Whenever possible, master data is copied during transactions processing, this avoiding re-entry of data. For example, when executing the transaction Create Sales Order, the user must enter the customer. Likewise, once the material master numbers are entered for the items being ordered, the relevant material data will be copied into the sales order.

27.  Bagaimana hubungan antara transaksi dengan dokumen

Whenever a transaction is a executed in the system, a document is created. That document, a data record of the transaction, contains all of the relevan predefined information from the master data organization now elements